Immersive Photography: a practice-led methodological approach to landscape photography research

Keywords: Creative practice, Practice-led research, Landscape photography, Methodology, Design research

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a notable shift in the design field towards practice-led research, driven by the recognition of design practitioners as valuable contributors to knowledge production. However, the lack of well-defined methodologies for conducting practice-led research in academia has posed challenges to its progress and widespread adoption. This article aims to address this gap by providing examples of effective methodologies in practice-led research. The article emphasises the importance of robust frameworks that foster a symbiotic relationship between design practice and research, integrating theoretical inquiry and hands-on experimentation. It presents an innovative approach developed by the author during their PhD, which contributes to the ongoing discourses on practice-led research in design. The proposed methodology consists of four stages: the landscape, data gathering, reflection, and feedback. By engaging in iterative cycles of design exploration, critique, and reflection, the researcher gains a holistic understanding of design processes and their outcomes. This approach facilitates an in-depth exploration of the complex interplay between design concepts, materials, and the surrounding landscape. Ultimately, this article contributes to the discourse on practice-led research in the design field by introducing a methodology that embraces the practical, creative, and theoretical aspects of design inquiry. It responds to the increasing demand for examples of effective methodologies and provides a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners engaged in practice-led research at the PhD level. 

Author Biography

Marcos Mortensen Steagall , Auckland University of Technology

Marcos Mortensen Steagall is an Associate Professor in the Communication Design department at the Auckland University of Technology - AUT, where he started in February 2016. He is the Communication  Design Postgraduate Strand Leader and Programme Leader for Communication Design and Interaction Design for Year 3.  He holds a Master's (2000) and PhD (2006) in Communication & Semiotics acquired from The Pontifical Catholic University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and also a PhD in Art & Design from Auckland University of Technology in 2019 using practice-led research and landscape photography. His research interests are connected to practice-oriented research methodologies in Art, Design and Technology; visual semiotics; Lens-based image-making and indigenous epistemology. 

References

Anderson, L. (2019). Embodied research methods for exploring place attachment. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 65, 101324. doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2019.101324

Ardern, S., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Awakening takes place within: a practice-led research through texture and embodiment. DAT Journal, 8(1), 70-100. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.701

Bennett, J. (2010). Vibrant matter: A political ecology of things. Duke University Press.

Brown, A. (2021). Exploring practice-led research methodologies in the creative arts. Journal of Creative Research, 8(2), 157-173. doi:10.1080/23308249.2021.1876643

Brown, R., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Painting the kitchen tables: Exploring women's domestic creative spaces through publication design. DAT Journal, 8(1), 134-169. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.692

Bunge, W. (1969). Theoretical geography. Lund Studies in Geography, Series C: General Issues, 2.

Chambers, J., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Second nature, a practice-led design investigation into consumerism responding to sustainable home habits. DAT Journal, 8(1), 213-249. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.695

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage Publications.

Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2008). Flow: The psychology of optimal experience. Harper Perennial.

de Certeau, M., Giard, L., Mayol, P., & Tomasik, T. (1998). The practice of everyday life: Volume 2: Living and cooking. University of Minnesota Press.

Dineen, R., & Collins, E. (2005). Killing the goose: Conflicts between pedagogy and politics in the delivery of a creative education. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 24(1), 43-52.

Douglass, B. G., & Moustakas, C. (1985). Heuristic inquiry: The internal search to know. In C. Moustakas (Ed.), Heuristic research: Design, methodology, and applications (pp. 37-51). Sage Publications.

Douglass, B. G., & Moustakas, C. (1985). Heuristic inquiry: The internal search to know. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 25(3), 39-55.

Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107-115.

Falconer, T., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Grounding: A practice-led graphic exploration of ecofeminism, wellbeing and ecological consciousness for young women. DAT Journal, 8(1), 101-133. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.689

Green, S. (2022). Sensorial immersion in practice-led research. Design Studies, 73, 102197. doi:10.1016/j.destud.2021.102197

Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 105-117). Sage.

Guba, E. G., & Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). Competing paradigms in qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 105-117). Sage Publications.

Hallowell, A. I. (1955). Culture and experience. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Handelman, D. (2005). Models and mirrors: Towards an anthropology of public events. Berghahn Books.

Hovorka, A. J., & Wolf, S. A. (2009). Urban geography: A critical introduction. Routledge.

Ingold, T. (2004). Culture on the ground: The world perceived through the feet. Journal of Material Culture, 9(3), 315-340.

Ingold, T. (2017). Walking as a form of knowing. In J. Ingold, Redrawing Anthropology: Materials, Movements, Lines (pp. 55-78). Routledge.

Ings, R. (2013). Heuristic inquiry: The emergence of an individual's personal myths. ReVision, 35(1), 13-20.

Ings, S. (2015). A resonant visit: Walking, sensory engagement, and the resonant landscape. Journal of Landscape Architecture, 10(2), 68-79.

Ings, W. (2011). The challenges of an artistic research practice. In W. Forsythe & A. De Valck (Eds.), It's About Time: Exploring the Temporalities of Creative Practice (pp. 81-94). ASCA Press.

Ings, W. (2017). Disobedient teaching: Surviving and creating change in education. Dunedin: Otago University Press.

Johnson, R. (2020). Practice-led research: Strategies for design and the arts. Journal of Design Research, 18(1-2), 23-39. doi:10.1504/JDR.2020.10026019

Jones, F. C., & Sauer, C. O. (1915). Field notes on the Sioux Indians. Geographic Board.

Jones, M. (2021). The role of documentation in practice-led research. International Journal of Art & Design Education, 40(3), 543-558. doi:10.1111/jade.12342

Jones, T. (1980). A discussion paper on research in the visual fine arts prepared for the Birmingham Polytechnic, England, in 1978. Leonardo, 13(2), 89-93.

Klein, J. (2010). What is artistic research? Gegenworte Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 23.

Kleining, G., & Witt, H. (2000). The qualitative heuristic approach: A methodology for discovery in psychology and the social sciences. Rediscovering the Method of Introspection as an Example. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(1), Article 13. https://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1119/2496

Kleining, G., & Witt, H. (2000). The qualitative heuristic approach: A methodology for discovery in psychology and the social sciences. Rediscovering the Method of Introspection as an Example. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(1), Art. 13.

Kleining, G., & Witt, H. (2000). The qualitative heuristic approach: A methodology for discovery in psychology and the social sciences. Rediscovering the Method of Introspection as an Example (Vol. 3). Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(1).

Langer, S. K. (1957). Expressiveness. Problems of art: Ten philosophical lectures, 13-26.

Leopold, A. (2008). A Sand County almanac: And sketches here and there. Oxford University Press.

Lesage, D. (2009). Who’s afraid of artistic research? Art & Research, 2(2), 1-10.

Lewis, S., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Less than 5mm — The unseen threat: A practice-led investigation into micro-plastics effects on coral reefs. DAT Journal, 8(1), 170-212. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.691

Li, Q., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Memories from COVID-19 A practice-led research about the effects of the lockdown through the perspective of a Chinese student. DAT Journal, 8(1), 250-292. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.693

Lofland, J., Snow, D. A., Anderson, L., & Lofland, L. H. (2005). Analyzing social settings: A guide to qualitative observation and analysis. Wadsworth Publishing.

Lum, K., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Breakthrough: An illustrated autoethnographic narrative into professional identity and storytelling. DAT Journal, 8(1), 336-369. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.694

Mackenzie, N., & Knipe, S. (2006). Research dilemmas: Paradigms, methods and methodology. Issues in Educational Research, 16(2), 193-205.

Mäkelä, M. (2019). How walking with nature can actively shape creativity. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 947. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00947

McGregor, J., & Murnane, R. J. (2010). Labor market implications of an aging workforce. Future of Children, 20(1), 41-66.

Michie, K., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2021). From Shadow: a practice-led design research on academic anxiety. DAT - Design, Art and Technology Journal, 6(1), 339-354. doi:10.29147/dat.v6i1.345

Mortensen Steagall, M. (2022). Immersive Photography: a review of the contextual knowledge of a PhD practice-led research project. Revista GEMInIS, 13(2), 73-80. doi:10.53450/2179-1465.rg.2022v13i2p73-80

Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). New thinking in practice-led research in Design in Aotearoa New Zealand. DAT Journal, 8(1), 1-4. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.705

Mortensen Steagall, M., & Grieve, F. (2023). Creative practice as research: an undergraduate practice-led project in Communication Design in New Zealand. DAT Journal, 8(1), 5-41. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.700

Mortensen Steagall, M., & Ings, W. (2018). Practice-led doctoral research and the nature of immersive methods. Journal of Art, Design and Technology [DAT], 3(2), 392-423. Retrieved from https://ppgdesign.anhembi.br/datjournal/index.php/dat

Moustakas, C. (1974). Phenomenological research methods. Sage Publications.

Moustakas, C. (1985). Heuristic research: Design, methodology, and applications. Sage Publications.

Moustakas, C. (1990). Heuristic research: An emerging paradigm. Sage Publications.

Moustakas, C. (1990). Heuristic research: Design, methodology, and applications. Sage Publications.

Mpofu, N., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2021). Uhlola kweNdebele: reconectando o Zimbábue por meio do design tipográfico. TRANSVERSO, 9(10), 8-16. Retrieved from https://revista.uemg.br/index.php/transverso/article/view/6097

Mulhall, A. (2003). In the field: Notes on observation in qualitative research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 41(3), 306-313.

Newbury, D. (2001). How do we write and research Art and Design? In R. C. Smith & D. Dean (Eds.), Practice-led research, research-led practice in the creative arts (pp. 3-19). Edinburgh University Press.

Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods. Sage Publications.

Polanyi, M. (1967). The Tacit Dimension. Garden City, NY: Anchor.

Schön, D. (1987). Educating the reflective practitioner. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Sela-Smith, S. (2002). Emotion and insight: A heuristic inquiry into the search for meaning among persons with chronic illness. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 20(1), 5-25.

Sela-Smith, S. (2002). From Heuristic to Reflective Inquiry: Critical Issues in Research Methods. The Qualitative Report, 7(3), 1-14.

Shan, K., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2023). Forgotten: an autoethnographic exploration of belonging through Graphic Design. DAT Journal, 8(1), 293-335. doi:10.29147/datjournal.v8i1.690

Smith, J. (2018). Exploring the potential of practice-led research in design education. Art, Design & Communication in Higher Education, 17(1), 79-94. doi:10.1386/adch.17.1.79_1

Steagall, M. M., & Tavares, T. (2021). Design para o mundo real: o estúdio como abordagem pedagógica no ensino de criatividade. DAT Journal: Design, Art and Technology, 6(2), 331-344. doi:10.29147/dat.v6i2.401

Van Vliet, D., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2021). Duregraph: uma abordagem metodológica para investigação da duração na imagem fotográfica. International Interdisciplinary Journal of Visual Arts, 8(1), 203-214. doi:10.33871/23580437.2021.8.1.203-214

Van Vliet, D., & Mortensen Steagall, M. (2021). Time and postphotography: A practice-led research on duration. Revista 2i: Estudos de Identidade e Intermedialidade, 3(4), 49-60. doi:10.21814/2i.3434

Varela, F. J., Thompson, E., & Rosch, E. (1991). The embodied mind: Cognitive science and human experience. MIT Press.

Ventling, F. D. (2017). Illuminativa: The resonance of the unseen. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. Auckland University of Technology, Auckland.

Wilson, K. (2023). Methodological considerations for practice-led research in the creative arts. Journal of Artistic Inquiry, 15, 32-48. doi:10.28935/inquiry/7986

Published
2023-10-25